EMDR
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is a structured therapy designed to alleviate the distress associated with traumatic memories. Developed by Francine Shapiro in the late 1980s, EMDR is based on the idea that traumatic memories can become “stuck” in the brain’s information processing system, leading to ongoing psychological distress. The therapy involves the patient recalling distressing experiences while simultaneously undergoing bilateral sensory input, such as side-to-side eye movements, which are thought to help reprocess and integrate these traumatic memories into normal cognitive processes.
Research has shown that EMDR can be highly effective for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related conditions. However, its applications extend beyond these conditions, proving beneficial for various mental health issues, including gender dysphoria. According to a review of studies published in the Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, EMDR has been found to be as effective as other trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapies and often results in quicker symptom reduction. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Psychological Association (APA) have both recognized EMDR as a recommended treatment for trauma. Numerous studies have documented its efficacy, including a meta-analysis published in the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, which found significant reductions in trauma symptoms after EMDR treatment.
One of the primary benefits of EMDR therapy is its ability to produce positive outcomes relatively quickly. Patients frequently report reductions in anxiety, depression, and other trauma-related symptoms in a short time frame. Moreover, EMDR can help improve self-esteem, enhance emotional regulation, and foster a greater sense of well-being. The therapy is also noted for its non-invasive nature and its focus on empowering patients to process and resolve their traumatic experiences. For those suffering from gender dysphoria, EMDR can address negative self-beliefs, internalized transphobia, internalized shame, and traumatic experiences related to their experiences of gender dysphoria. By targeting these distressing memories and emotions, EMDR can reduce anxiety, depression, and other symptoms associated with gender dysphoria, leading to improved mental health and well-being.
During an EMDR session, the therapist will first take a detailed history to identify the specific memories and symptoms to target. The client is then asked to focus on a particular distressing memory while the therapist guides them through a series of bilateral stimulation exercises, such as moving their eyes back and forth following the therapist’s hand movements, tapping, or using auditory tones. This process is believed to help the brain reprocess the traumatic memory, integrating it into the patient’s normal memory network, thereby reducing its emotional charge. Sessions typically last 50 minutes, and the number of sessions required can vary depending on the complexity and severity of the trauma.
EMDR therapy is particularly well-suited for individuals who have experienced significant trauma or adverse life events. It is commonly recommended for those suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, and phobias. People who have endured physical, emotional, or sexual abuse, military combat, natural disasters, or severe accidents often find EMDR to be highly beneficial. Additionally, EMDR can be effective for individuals dealing with grief and loss, performance anxiety, and those who feel “stuck” due to unresolved past experiences. A thorough assessment by our GIC trained EMDR therapist can help determine if the therapy is appropriate.
Positive Benefits and Outcomes of EMDR for Gender Dysphoria:
Individuals with gender dysphoria who undergo EMDR therapy may experience several positive benefits, including:
Reduction in Distress: EMDR can help reduce the intense emotional distress and anxiety associated with gender dysphoria and/or trauma, improving overall mental health.
Improved Self-Esteem: By reprocessing negative self-beliefs and internalized shame, EMDR can enhance self-esteem and self-acceptance.
Resolution of Traumatic Memories: EMDR can help individuals process and integrate traumatic memories related to their gender identity, reducing their emotional impact.
Enhanced Coping Skills: EMDR therapy often leads to the development of healthier coping mechanisms, which can be beneficial for managing ongoing challenges related to gender dysphoria.
Sources:
Shapiro, F. (1989). Eye Movement Desensitization: A New Treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 20(3), 211-217.
World Health Organization. (2013). Guidelines for the Management of Conditions Specifically Related to Stress. WHO. Retrieved from WHO Guidelines
American Psychological Association. (2017). Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). APA. Retrieved from APA Guidelines
Van der Kolk, B. A., Spinazzola, J., Blaustein, M. E., Hopper, J. W., Hopper, E. K., Korn, D. L., & Simpson, W. B. (2007). A randomized clinical trial of EMDR, fluoxetine, and pill placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: Treatment effects and long-term maintenance. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 68(1), 37-46.
Maxfield, L., & Hyer, L. (2002). The relationship between efficacy and methodology in studies investigating EMDR treatment of PTSD. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(1), 23-41.
EMDR International Association (EMDRIA). (2023). Find an EMDR Therapist. EMDRIA. Retrieved from EMDRIA Therapist Directory
Parnell, L. (2013). Attachment-Focused EMDR: Healing Relational Trauma. W.W. Norton & Company.
EMDR International Association (EMDRIA). (2023). Find an EMDR Therapist. Retrieved from EMDRIA Therapist Directory
Brewin, C. R., & Holmes, E. A. (2003). Psychological theories of posttraumatic stress disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 23(3), 339-376.